Muslims celebrate Eid twice a year. The first is known as Eid Al-Fitr. It marks the end of Ramadan and is celebrated withfamily members. It is similar to Christmas in many ways gifts are distributed and families have a big dinner together. The second is known as Eid Al-Adha. This is celebrated because it marks the end of the holy pilgrimage for Muslims known as Hajj. It is celebrated in the same mannerism and is generally two months after Eid-Al-Fitr
Ramadan is the name for the ninth month in the Islamic calendar. It is a holy month for Muslims when they abstain from eating and drinking and any other physical needs during the daylight hours. As a time to purify the soul, refocus attention on God, and practice self sacrifice. Ramadan is much more than just not eating and drinking.
Fasting is mandatory on every Muslim who is sane, adult, able and resident. The following exemptions apply: the insane; children who are not adolescent yet; the elderly and chronically ill for whomfasting is unreasonably strenuous; pregnant and nursing women (may postpone the fasting at a later time); the ill and travellers can also defer their fasting; Women during the period of menstruation or of post childbirth confinement.
There's medical evidence to show that fasting in pregnancy is not a good idea. If a pregnant woman feels strong and healthy enough to fast, especially during the early part of the pregnancy, she may do so. If she doesn't feel well enough to fast, Islamic law gives her clear permission not to fast, and to make up the missed fasts later. If she is unable to do this, she must perform fidyah (a method of compensation for a missed act of worship).
No, this is not permitted. Things like chewing gum are also forbidden. There are also special rituals that should be followed if one wishes to break the fast before sunset.